Jump to content

BHP

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from BHP Billiton plc)
This article is about the company. For the unit of measurement, see Horsepower § Brake horsepower. For other uses, see BHP (disambiguation).
"Billiton" redirects here. For the Indonesian island formerly known as Billiton, see Belitung.

BHP Group Limited
Company typePublic
ISINAU000000BHP4
IndustryMetals and mining
Founded13 August 1885 (as the Broken Hill Proprietary Company)
29 June 2001 (as BHP Billiton)
HeadquartersMelbourne, Victoria, Australia
Area served
Global
Key people
ProductsIron ore, coal, copper, gold, nickel, uranium
RevenueIncrease US$55.658 billion (2024)[1]
Decrease US$17.537 billion (2024)[1]
Decrease US$9.601 billion (2024)[1]
Total assetsIncrease US$102.362 billion (2024)[1]
Total equityIncrease US$49.120 billion (2024)[1]
Number of employees
90,000 (2024)[2]
Websitewww.bhp.com
The former BHP Billiton logo

BHP Group Limited, formerly known as BHP Billiton, is an Australian multinational mining and metals public company headquartered in Melbourne, Australia.

The Broken Hill Proprietary Company was founded on 16 July 1885 in the mining town of Silverton, New South Wales.[3] As of 2024, BHP was the world’s largest mining company by market capitalization[4] and the world’s third-largest by revenue.[5] Total iron ore revenue for the company increased by US$3.1 billion to US$28.0 billion in Fiscal Year 2024, accounting for 50.2% of the company’s revenue, while copper and coal contributed 33.4% and 13.8%, respectively.[1]

BHP Billiton was formed in 2001 through the merger of the Australian Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP) and the Anglo–Dutch Billiton plc trading on both the Australian and London Stock Exchanges as a dual-listed company.

In 2015, some BHP Billiton assets were demerged and rebranded as South32, while a scaled-down BHP Billiton became BHP. In 2018, BHP Billiton Limited and BHP Billiton plc became BHP Group Limited and BHP Group plc, respectively. In January 2022, BHP relinquished its London Stock Exchange listing, becoming a solely Australian Securities Exchange-listed company. As of 2022, BHP is the largest company in Australia,[6] and the largest mining company in the world, both as measured by market capitalisation.[7] In 2023, the company's position in the Forbes Global 2000 was 90th.[8]

History

[edit]

Billiton

[edit]
The former Billiton logo

Billiton Maatschappij was founded 29 September 1860, when its articles of association were approved by a meeting of shareholders in the Groot Keizershof hotel in The Hague, Netherlands.[9][10][11] Two months later, the company acquired mineral rights to the Billiton (Belitung) and Bangka Islands in the Netherlands Indies archipelago off the eastern coast of Sumatra.[10][12]

Billiton's initial ventures included tin and lead smelting in the Netherlands, followed in the 1940s by bauxite mining in Indonesia and Suriname.[13] In 1970, Shell acquired Billiton.[10][14] Billiton opened a tin smelting and refining plant in Phuket, Thailand, named Thaisarco (for Thailand Smelting And Refining Company, Limited).[15]

In 1994, South Africa's Gencor acquired the mining division of Billiton excluding the downstream metal division.[16] Billiton was divested from Gencor in 1997,[17] and was amalgamated with Gold Fields in 1998.[18] In 1997, Billiton plc became a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index[19] and in 2001 Billiton plc merged with the Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP) to form BHP Billiton.[20]

Broken Hill Proprietary Company

[edit]
The former Broken Hill Proprietary Company logo

The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP), also known by the nickname "the Big Australian",[21] was incorporated on 13 August 1885, operating the silver and lead mine at Broken Hill, in western New South Wales, Australia.[22][23] The Broken Hill group floated on 10 August 1885.[24] The first consignment of Broken Hill ore (48 tons, 5 cwt, 3grs) was smelted at the Intercolonial Smelting and Refining Company's works at Spotswood, Victoria, a suburb of Melbourne.[24] Historian Christopher Jay notes:

The resulting 35,605 ounces of silver raised a lot of interest when exhibited at the City of Melbourne Bank in Collins Street. Some sceptics asserted the promoters were merely using silver from somewhere else, to ramp up the shares.... Another shareholder, the dominating W. R. Wilson had had to lend William Jamieson, General Manager, a new suit so he could take the first prospectus, printed at Silverton near Broken Hill on 20 June 1885, to Adelaide to start the float process.[24]

The geographic Broken Hill, for which the town was named, was discovered and named by Captain Charles Sturt, stirring great interest among prospectors. Nothing of note was discovered until 5 November 1883, when Charles Rasp, boundary rider for the surrounding Mount Gipps Station, pegged out a 40-acre claim with contractors David James and James Poole.[25]

Together with a half-dozen backers, including station manager George McCulloch (a young cousin of Victorian Premier Sir James McCulloch),[26] Rasp formed the Broken Hill Company staking out the entire Hill. As costs mounted during the ensuing months of fruitless search, three of the original seven (now remembered as the Syndicate of Seven) sold their shares, so that, on the eve of the company's great success, there were nine shareholders, including Rasp, McCulloch, Philip Charly (aka Charley), David James, James Poole (five of the original syndicate of seven, which had previously included George Urquhart and G.A.M. Lind), Bowes Kelly, W. R. Wilson, and William Jamieson (who had bought shares from several of the founders).[27][28]

John Darling, Jr. became a director of the company in 1892 and was chairman of directors from 1907 to 1914.[29]

Strongly encouraged by the New South Wales Minister for Public Works, Arthur Hill Griffith,[30][31] in 1915, the company ventured into steel manufacturing, with its operations based primarily at the Newcastle Steelworks. The decision to move from mining ore at Broken Hill to opening a steelworks at Newcastle was due to the technical limitations in recovering value from mining the lower-lying sulphide ores.[32] The discovery of Iron Knob and Iron Monarch near the western shore of the Spencer Gulf in South Australia, combined with the refinement, by BHP metallurgists A. D. Carmichael and Leslie Bradford, of the froth flotation technique for separating zinc sulphides from the accompanying gangue and subsequent conversion (Carmichael–Bradford process) to oxides of the metal, allowed BHP to economically extract valuable metals from the heaps of tailings up to 40 feet (12 m) high at the mine site.[33] In 1942, the Imperial Japanese Navy targeted the BHP steelworks[34] during the largely unsuccessful shelling of Newcastle.[35]

Newcastle operations were closed in 1999,[36] and a 70-ton commemorative sculpture, The Muster Point, was installed on Industrial Drive, in the suburb of Mayfield, New South Wales. The long products side of the steel business was spun off to form OneSteel in 2000.[37]

In the 1950s, BHP began petroleum exploration, which became an increasing focus following oil and natural gas discoveries in Bass Strait in the 1960s.[38][39]

BHP began to diversify into a variety of mining projects overseas. Those included the Ok Tedi copper mine in Papua New Guinea, where the company was successfully sued by the indigenous inhabitants because of the environmental degradation caused by mining operations.[40] BHP had better success with the giant Escondida copper mine in Chile, of which it owns 57.5%, and at the Ekati Diamond Mine in northern Canada, which BHP contracted for in 1996,[41] began mining in 1998,[41] and sold its 80% stake in to Dominion Diamond Corporation in 2013 as production declined.[42][43][44][45]

BHP Billiton

[edit]
Diesel locomotives in BHP Billiton Iron Ore "bubble" livery, at the company's Nelson Point Yard, Port Hedland, Western Australia

In 2001, BHP merged with the Billiton mining company to form BHP Billiton.[12] In 2002, flat steel products were demerged to form the publicly traded company BHP Steel which, in 2003, became BlueScope.[46]

In March 2005, BHP Billiton announced a US$7.3 billion agreed bid for WMC Resources, owners of the Olympic Dam copper, gold and uranium mine in South Australia, nickel operations in Western Australia and Queensland, and a Queensland fertiliser plant.[47] The takeover achieved 90 per cent acceptance on 17 June 2005, and 100 per cent ownership was announced on 2 August 2005, achieved through compulsory acquisition of the remaining 10 per cent of the shares.[48]

On 8 November 2007, BHP Billiton announced it was seeking to purchase rival mining group Rio Tinto Group in an all-share deal.[49] The initial offer of 3.4 shares of BHP Billiton stock for each share of Rio Tinto was rejected by the board of Rio Tinto for "significantly undervaluing" the company.[47] It was unknown at the time whether BHP Billiton would attempt to purchase Rio Tinto through some form of hostile takeover.[47] A formal hostile bid of 3.4 BHP Billiton shares for each Rio Tinto share was announced on 6 February 2008;[50] The bid was withdrawn 25 November 2008 due to global recession.[51][52]

On 14 May 2008, BHP Billiton shares rose to a record high of A$48.90 following speculation that Chinese mining firm Chinalco was considering purchasing a large stake.[53]

As global nickel prices fell, on 25 November 2008, Billiton announced that it would drop its A$66 billion takeover of rival Rio Tinto Group, stating that the "risks to shareholder value" would "increase" to "an unacceptable level" due to the 2007–2008 financial crisis.[54]

On 21 January 2009, BHP Billiton then announced that Ravensthorpe Nickel Mine in Western Australia would cease operations, ending shipments of ore from Ravensthorpe to the Yabulu nickel plant in Queensland Australia.[55] Yabulu refinery was subsequently sold to Queensland billionaire Clive Palmer, becoming the Palmer Nickel and Cobalt Refinery. Pinto Valley mine in the United States was also closed. Mine closures and general scaling back during the 2007–2008 financial crisis accounted for 6,000 employee lay offs.[56]

As the nickel market became saturated by both spiraling economics and cheaper extraction methods; on 9 December 2009, BHP Billiton sold its Ravensthorpe Nickel Mine, which had cost A$2.4 billion to build, to Vancouver-based First Quantum Minerals for US$340 million. First Quantum, a Canadian company, was one of three bidders for the mine, tendering the lowest offer, and returned the mine to production in 2011.[57] Ravensthorpe cost BHP US$3.6 billion in write-downs when it was shut in January 2009 after less than a year of production.[58]

In January 2010, following the BHP Billiton purchase of Athabasca Potash for US$320m, The Economist reported that, by 2020, BHP Billiton could produce approximately 15 per cent of the world demand for potash.[59]

In August 2010, BHP Billiton made a hostile takeover bid worth US$40 billion for PotashCorp. The bid came after BHP's first bid, made on 17 August, was rejected as being undervalued.[60] This acquisition marked a major strategic move by BHP outside hard commodities and commenced the diversification of its business away from resources with high exposure to carbon price risk, like coal, petroleum and iron ore. The takeover bid was opposed by the Government of Saskatchewan under Premier Brad Wall. On 3 November, Canadian Industry Minister Tony Clement announced the preliminary rejection of the deal under the Investment Canada Act, giving BHP Billiton 30 days to refine their deal before a final decision was made;[61] BHP withdrew its offer on 14 November 2010.[62][63] Canada's decision to block the deal was generally viewed as surprising by the global investment community.[64]

On 22 February 2011, BHP Billiton announced that it had paid $4.75 billion in cash to Chesapeake Energy for its Fayetteville shale assets, which include 487,000 acres (1,970 km2) of mineral rights leases and 420 miles (680 km) of pipeline located in north central Arkansas. The wells on the mineral leases are currently producing about 415 million cubic feet of natural gas per day. BHP Billiton planned to spend $800 million to $1 billion a year over 10 years to develop the field and triple production.[65]

On 14 July 2011, BHP Billiton announced that it would acquire Petrohawk Energy of the United States for approximately $12.1 billion in cash, considerably expanding its shale natural gas resources[66] in an offer of $US38.75 per share.[67]

BHP office tower in Adelaide

On 22 August 2012, BHP Billiton announced that it was delaying its US$20 billion (£12 billion) Olympic Dam copper mine expansion project in South Australia to study less capital intensive options, deferring its dual harbour strategy at West Australian Iron Ore and slowing down its Potash growth option in Canada.[68] The company simultaneously announced a freeze on approving any major new expansion projects.[68]

Days after announcing the Olympic Dam pull-out, BHP Billiton announced that it was selling its Yeelirrie Uranium Project to Canadian Cameco for a fee of around $430 million. The sale was part of a broader move to step away from resource expansion in Australia.[69]

On 19 August 2014, BHP Billiton announced it would create an independent global metals and mining company based on a selection of its aluminium, coal, manganese, nickel, and silver assets.[70] The newly formed entity, named South32, was subsequently demerged with listings on the Australian Securities Exchange the JSE and the London Stock Exchange.[70]

In 2015, BHP Billiton spun off a number of its subsidiaries[71] in South Africa and Southern Africa to form a new company known as South32.[72][73]

BHP Billiton agreed to pay a fine of $25 million to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission in 2015 in connection with violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act related to its "hospitality program" at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. BHP Billiton invited 176 government and state-owned-enterprise officials to attend the Games on an all-expenses-paid package. While BHP Billiton claimed to have compliance processes in place to avoid conflicts of interest, the SEC found that BHP Billiton had invited officials from at least four countries where BHP Billiton had interests in influencing the officials' decisions (Congo, Guinea, Philippines and Burundi).[74]

In August 2016, BHP Billiton recorded its worst annual loss in history, $6.4 billion.[75]

Towards the end of 2016 BHP Billiton indicated it would expand its petroleum business and make new investments in the sector.[76]

In February 2017, BHP Billiton announced a $2.2 billion investment in the new BP platform in the Gulf of Mexico.[77] During the same year, as part of their plan to increase productivity at the Escondida mine in Chile,[78] which is the world's biggest copper mine, BHP Billiton attempted to get workers to accept a 4-year pay freeze, a 66% reduction in the end-of-conflict bonus offering, and increased shift flexibility. This resulted in a major workers' strike and forced the company to declare force majeure on two shipments, which drove copper prices up by 4%.[79]

In April 2017 activist hedge fund manager Elliott Advisors proposed a plan for BHP Billiton to spin off its American petroleum assets and significantly restructure the business, including the scrapping of its dual Sydney-London listing, suggesting shares be offered only in the United Kingdom, while leaving its headquarters and tax residences in Australia where shares would trade as depository instruments. At the time of the correspondence Elliott held about 4.1 per cent of the issued shares in London-listed BHP Billiton plc, worth $3.81 billion. Australia's government warned it would block moves to shift BHP Billiton's stock listing from Australia to the United Kingdom. Australian Treasurer Scott Morrison said the move would be contrary to the country's national interest and would breach government orders mandating a listing on the Australian Securities Exchange. BHP Billiton dismissed the plan saying the costs and risks of Elliott's proposal outweighed any potential benefits.[80]

BHP

[edit]

In May 2017, with much of the former Billiton assets having been disposed of, BHP Billiton began to rebrand itself as BHP, at first in Australia and then globally. It replaced the slogan "The Big Australian" with "Think Big", with an advertising campaign rolling out in mid May 2017.[81] Work on the change began in late 2015 according to BHP's chief external affairs officer.[82]

In August 2017, BHP announced that it would sell off its US shale oil and gas business.[83][84] In July 2018, the company agreed to sell its shale assets to BP for $10.5 billion.[85] BHP indicated its intention to return funds to investors.[86] On 29 September 2018, BHP completed the sale of its Fayetteville Onshore US gas assets to a wholly owned subsidiary of Merit Energy Company.[87]

In August 2021, BHP announced plans to exit the oil and gas industry by merging its hydrocarbon business with Woodside Energy, Australia's largest independent gas producer.[88] It also announced its intention to delist from the London Stock Exchange and consolidate on the Australian Securities Exchange.[89] This occurred in January 2022.[90][91] In April 2023, BHP took over Oz Minerals in a $9.6 billion deal.[92][93][94][95]

In fiscal year 2021-2022, BHP's annual profit amounted to more than $34 billion (an increase of 34%) of $65 billion (an increase of 14%). The coal division's profits reached almost $9 billion (a loss of $577 million in 2022), with the BHP's iron ore division making $21.7 billion (a decrease of $4.6 billion since 2022). Profit growth allowed the company to pay a record dividend of $7.6 billion for the half-year ending December 31.[96][97]

BHP made an offer to acquire Anglo American for £31 billion in April 2024; however, the offer was rejected by the Anglo American as "highly unattractive".[98] A revised offer was also rejected in May 2024.[99][100]

In July 2024, BHP and Lundin Mining agreed to jointly acquire 100% of Filo Corp. through a Canadian plan of arrangement. BHP and Lundin Mining also agreed to form a 50/50 joint venture to hold the Filo del Sol (FDS) and Josemaria projects.[101][102]

Corporation

[edit]

Until January 2022, BHP was a dual-listed company; the Australian BHP Billiton Limited and the British BHP Billiton plc were separately listed with separate shareholder bodies, while conducting business as one operation with identical boards of directors and a single management structure.[1] The headquarters of BHP Billiton Limited and the global headquarters of the combined group were located in Melbourne, Australia. The headquarters of BHP Billiton plc were located in London, England.[1] Its main office locations were in Australia, the U.S., Canada, the UK, Chile, Malaysia, and Singapore.[1]

The company's shares traded on the following exchanges:[103]

BHP Billiton Limited and BHP Billiton plc were renamed BHP Group Limited and BHP Group plc, respectively, on 19 November 2018.[104]

Senior management

[edit]

In 1998, BHP hired American Paul Anderson to restructure the company. Anderson successfully completed the four-year project with a merger between BHP and London-based Billiton.[105] In July 2002, Brian Gilbertson of Billiton was appointed CEO, but resigned after just six months, citing irreconcilable differences with the board.[106]

Upon Gilbertson's departure in early 2003, Chip Goodyear was appointed the new CEO, increasing sales by 47 per cent and profits by 78 per cent during his tenure.[107] Goodyear retired on 30 September 2007.[108] Marius Kloppers was Goodyear's successor.[108] Following Kloppers' tenure, Andrew Mackenzie, chief executive of Non-Ferrous, assumed the role of CEO in 2013.[109] Australia mining head Mike Henry succeeded Mackenzie on 1 January 2020.[110]

Operations

[edit]

BHP has mining operations in Australia, North America, and South America.[1]

The company has five primary operational units:

The company's mines are as follows:[111]

Drill rig at Area C mine, near Newman, Western Australia.
Process facility at Mount Whaleback mine, Western Australia.
False colour satellite image of Escondida mine, Chile, courtesy of NASA

Australia

[edit]

New South Wales

[edit]

Queensland

[edit]
  • Broadmeadow (50%) BHP Mitsubishi Alliance
  • Goonyella (50%) BHP Mitsubishi Alliance
  • Hay Point coal terminal
  • Peak Downs (50%) BHP Mitsubishi Alliance
  • Saraji (50%) BHP Mitsubishi Alliance
  • Caval Ridge (50%) BHP Mitsubishi Alliance

South Australia

[edit]

Western Australia

[edit]

Brazil

[edit]

Canada

[edit]

Chile

[edit]

Peru

[edit]

BHP Foundation

[edit]

The BHP Foundation is a philanthropic organisation funded by BHP, which as of October 2023 was funding 38 projects in 65 countries.[114] Its Australian programs are focused on Indigenous Australian self-determination, and young people. One of its partner organisations is Reconciliation Australia.[115]

Controversies

[edit]

Responsibility for climate damage

[edit]
Main articles: Global warming and Climate damage
A village flooded in the Bento Rodrigues dam disaster (2015). The dam was a property of Samarco, a joint venture between Vale and BHP Billiton.

BHP is listed as one of the 90 fossil fuel extraction and marketing companies responsible for two-thirds of global greenhouse gas emissions since the beginning of the industrial age.[116] Its cumulative emissions as of 2010 have been estimated at 7,606 MtCO2e, representing 0.52% of global industrial emissions between 1751 and 2010, ranking it the 19th-largest corporate polluter.[117] According to BHP management 10% of these emissions are from direct operations, while 90% come from products sold by the company.[118] BHP has been voluntarily reporting its direct GHG emissions since 1996. In 2013, it was criticised for lobbying against carbon pricing in Australia.[119] In June 2024, BHP announced that the company was on track to meet its 30% emissions reduction target by 2030 from 2020 baseline levels and did not rule out using carbon offsets as part of its $4 billion plan to meet the target.[120]

BHP reported total CO2e emissions (Direct + Indirect) for the twelve months ending 30 June 2020 at 15,800 Kt.[121]

BHP's annual Total CO2e emissions (Direct + Indirect) (in kilotonnes)
Jun 2015 Jun 2016 Jun 2017 Jun 2018 Jun 2019 Jun 2020
38,300[122] 18,000[123] 16,300[124] 17,000[125] 15,800[126] 15,800[121]

Ok Tedi environmental disaster

[edit]
Main article: Ok Tedi environmental disaster

The Ok Tedi environmental disaster caused severe harm to the environment along the Ok Tedi River and the Fly River in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea between around 1984 and 2013. In 1999, BHP reported that 90 million tons of mine waste was annually discharged into the river for more than ten years and destroyed downstream villages, agriculture and fisheries. Mine wastes were deposited along 1,000 km (620 mi) of the Ok Tedi and the Fly River below its confluence with the Ok Tedi, and over an area of 100 km2 (39 sq mi). BHP's CEO, Paul Anderson, said that the Ok Tedi Mine was "not compatible with our environmental values and the company should never have become involved."[127] As of 2006, mine operators continued to discharge 80 million tons of tailings, overburden, and mine-induced erosion into the river system each year. About 1,588 km2 (613 sq mi) of forest has died or is under stress. As many as 3,000 km2 (1,200 sq mi) may eventually be harmed.[128]

In the 1990s the communities of the lower Fly Region, including the Yonggom people,[129] sued BHP and received US$28.6 million in an out-of-court settlement, which was the culmination of an enormous public-relations campaign against the company by environmental groups. As part of the settlement, a (limited) dredging operation was put in place and efforts were made to rehabilitate the site around the mine. However, the mine is still in operation and waste continues to flow into the river system. BHP was granted legal indemnity from future mine related damages. Experts predict that it will take 300 years to clean up the toxic contamination.[130]

Bento Rodrigues dam collapse

[edit]
Main article: Mariana dam disaster

In 2015, the company was involved in the Bento Rodrigues tailings dam collapse, the worst environmental disaster in the history of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.[112][113][131] On 5 November 2015, an iron ore mine tailings dam near Mariana, south-eastern Brazil, owned and operated by Samarco, a subsidiary of BHP and Vale, suffered a catastrophic failure, devastating the nearby town of Bento Rodrigues with the mudflow, killing 19 people, injuring more than 50 and causing enormous ecological damage,[132] and threatening life along the Rio Doce and the Atlantic Ocean near the mouth of the Rio Doce.[133] The accident was one of the biggest environmental disasters in Brazil's history.[134]

An investigation into the disaster commissioned by BHP, Vale and Samarco found the collapse was due to a variety of construction and design flaws.[135] In June 2018, Samarco, Vale and BHP signed an agreement for the Brazilian government to drop a $7 billion civil lawsuit against the mining companies and allow two years for the companies to address the greater US$55 billion civil lawsuit brought by Brazil's federal prosecutors seeking social, environmental and economic compensation.[136]

Escondida and Cerro Colorado water usage issue

[edit]

BHP has been accused of perpetrating irregularities with respect to drawing waters above the granted limit from the aquifers. Due to which the water table has dropped significantly, making land-based livelihoods less viable for people of the community, many of whom have been forced to relocate to urban areas. In January 2021, the Supreme Court of Chile validated the objections of local indigenous tribes about BHP's water usage and impacts on wetland areas. Later in July, the same court ordered BHP to begin the application process for Cerro Colorado operating permits from scratch.[137]

Sexual harassment

[edit]

From 2019 to 2021, BHP registered six cases of sexual assault and 73 cases of sexual harassment.[138] A survey of 425 workers conducted by The Western Mine Workers' Alliance, showed that two-thirds of female respondents had experienced verbal sexual harassment while working in the FIFO mining industry, with 36% of women and 10% of men having experienced some form of harassment in the last 12 months.[139] In response, BHP terminated or otherwise permanently removed forty eight workers from its sites.[140]

Other significant accidents

[edit]

Bad weather caused a BHP Billiton helicopter to crash in Angola on 16 November 2007, killing the helicopter's five occupants. The deceased were: BHP Billiton Angola Chief Operating Officer David Hopgood (Australian), Angola Technical Services Operations Manager Kevin Ayre (British), Wild Dog Helicopters pilot Kottie Breedt (South African), Guy Sommerfield (British) of MMC and Louwrens Prinsloo (Namibian) of Prinsloo Drilling. The helicopter crashed approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) from the Alto Cuilo diamond exploration camp in Lunda Norte, northeastern Angola. BHP Billiton responded by suspending operations in the country.[141]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Annual Report 2024" (PDF). BHP. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  2. ^ "About us". BHP. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
  3. ^ "Silverton". The Argus. Melbourne, Vic. 30 July 1885. p. 10. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  4. ^ "Leading mining companies worldwide based on market capitalization in May 2024". Statista. 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  5. ^ Johnston, Matthew (24 September 2024). "Biggest Mining Companies". Investopedia. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  6. ^ "Largest Australia companies by market capitalization". CompaniesMarketCap.com. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  7. ^ "Largest mining companies by market cap 2021". Statista. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  8. ^ "The Global 2000 2023". Forbes. Archived from the original on 29 January 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
  9. ^ van den Berg, Jurrien (1999). "Tin island: labour conditions of coolies in the Billiton mines in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries". In Houben, V. J. H.; Lindblad, J. Thomas (eds.). Coolie Labour in Colonial Indonesia: A Study of Labour Relations in the Outer Islands, C. 1900-1940. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 212. ISBN 9783447041355.
  10. ^ a b c "Billiton History". BHPBilliton.com. Archived from the original on 18 February 2011.
  11. ^ Womack, Tom (1 December 2015). The Allied Defense of the Malay Barrier, 1941-1942. McFarland. ISBN 978-1-4766-2267-5.
  12. ^ a b Somers Heidhues, Mary F. "Company Island: A Note on the History of Belitung" (PDF). Cornell. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  13. ^ Krabbendam, Hans; van Minnen, Cornelis A.; Scott-Smith, Giles (2009). Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations: 1609-2009. Suny Press. p. 887. ISBN 978-1438430133.
  14. ^ Cebon, Peter (15 July 2008). Measured Success: Innovation Management in Australia. Melbourne Univ. Publishing. ISBN 978-0-522-85988-1.
  15. ^ "Overview". Thaisarco. Archived from the original on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
  16. ^ "Shell Unit Sells Assets To Gencor". The New York Times. Bloomberg News. 27 July 1994. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
  17. ^ Walker, Julie (22 June 1997). "Gencor pops champagne on achieving its ambitious global dream". Business Times. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011.
  18. ^ "South African Gold Giants to Combine". The New York Times. 11 October 1997. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  19. ^ Coulson, Michael (2008). An Insider's Guide to the Mining Sector: An In-Depth Study of Gold and Mining Shares. Harriman House Limited. ISBN 978-1-905641-55-0.
  20. ^ "BHP-Billiton merger confirmed". ABC. 19 March 2001. Archived from the original on 24 November 2004.
  21. ^ "Shrinking 'The Big Australian': BHP write-downs top $A3B". Engineering & Mining Journal. TheFreeLibrary.com. 1 August 1998. Archived from the original on 26 July 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  22. ^ "The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Ltd (1885 – 2000)". Guide to Australian Business Records. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
  23. ^ Wendy Lewis, Simon Balderstone and John Bowan (2006). Events That Shaped Australia. New Holland. p. 79. ISBN 978-1-74110-492-9.
  24. ^ a b c Jay, Christopher. (1999) A Future More Prosperous: The History of Newcastle Steelworks 1912–1999, The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, Newcastle. p. 30.
  25. ^ Coulls, A. "Rasp, Charles (1846 - 1907)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 6. Melbourne University Press, 1976. p. 9.
  26. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
  27. ^ "Treasure Hill on Sheep Station". The Argus. Melbourne. 2 September 1937. p. 8. Retrieved 20 July 2013 – via National Library of Australia.
  28. ^ United States Congressional Serial Set, Volume 2591. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1889. p. 344.
  29. ^ Kent, H. S. K. "Darling, John (1852–1914)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
  30. ^ Nairn, Bede. "Arthur Hill Griffith (1861–1946)". Griffith, Arthur Hill (1861–1946). National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 26 July 2018. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  31. ^ Cameron, David (1997). "On an island in the River: The establishment of the Walsh Island Dockyard & Engineering Works, Newcastle, 1910–1919". Reocities. Archived from the original on 23 November 2013.
  32. ^ Jay, Christopher. (1999) A Future More Prosperous: The History of Newcastle Steelworks 1912–1999, The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, Newcastle. p. 34.
  33. ^ Jay, Christopher. (1999) A Future More Prosperous: The History of Newcastle Steelworks 1912–1999, The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, Newcastle. pp. 42–43.
  34. ^ Theodore, Amy (1 February 2018). "Throwback Thursday; The Shelling of Newcastle". Newcastle Mirage. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
  35. ^ Carruthers, Steven L. (2006). Japanese Submarine Raiders, 1942 : A Maritime Mystery (Revised ed.). Narrabeen, NSW: Casper Publications. ISBN 978-0-9775063-0-9.
  36. ^ "Steel City without the Big Australian". 7.30. 29 September 1999. Archived from the original on 8 March 2000.
  37. ^ "OneSteel Limited". Delisted.com.au. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011.
  38. ^ "History of Petroleum Exploration in Victoria". DPI.Vic.gov.au. Department of Primary Industries – Victoria. Archived from the original on 4 October 2007.
  39. ^ "Our History". BHP.com. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  40. ^ Imhof, Aviva (1 March 1996). "The Big, Ugly Australian Goes to Ok Tedi". Multinational Monitor. Archived from the original on 27 July 2018. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  41. ^ a b "Ekati Diamond Mine – Northwest Territories". Natural Resources of Canada. 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  42. ^ DeMarco, Anthony (10 April 2013). "Dominion Diamond Completes $553 Million Acquisition of Canadian Diamond Mine". Forbes. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  43. ^ MacNamara, William (30 November 2011). "BHP puts diamonds division up for sale". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  44. ^ Ebner, David (9 May 2011). "BHP to mine Ekati diamonds a year longer". Globe & Mail. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  45. ^ "BHP Billiton Records 26% Drop in Output From Ekati in Fiscal Q3 in Final Report". DiamondIntelligence.com. 17 April 2013. Archived from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  46. ^ "AGL demerger to give shares a head of steam". Australian Financial Review. 9 November 2005. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  47. ^ a b c "BHP makes bid move for Rio Tinto". BBC News. 8 November 2007. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  48. ^ "BHP Billiton to mop up minority in WMC after taking over 90 pct". Forbes. 17 June 2005. Archived from the original on 2 November 2007.
  49. ^ "Rio Tinto Rejects Takeover Bid from BHP Billiton to Create Mining Giant". The New York Times. 8 November 2007. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  50. ^ Freed, Jamie (6 February 2008). "BHP makes bid for Rio". The Age. Archived from the original on 7 February 2008.
  51. ^ Macalister, Terry (26 November 2008). "BHP walks away from mining mega-merger". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  52. ^ England, Cameron (26 November 2008). "BHP withdraws Rio offer". The Advertiser. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  53. ^ "BHP shares surge on talk of China move". Reuters. 14 May 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  54. ^ Wilson, Amy (25 November 2008). "BHP Billiton withdraws $66bn bid for rival miner Rio Tinto". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
  55. ^ "Changes to BHP Billiton's Nickel Business". BHP Billiton. 21 January 2009. Archived from the original on 31 January 2009.
  56. ^ Chambers, Matt (22 January 2009). "BHP axes 6000 jobs and cuts projects". The Australian. Archived from the original on 24 January 2009.
  57. ^ "Ravensthorpe". First-Quantum.com. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  58. ^ Chambers, Matt (10 December 2009). "Canada's First Quantum wins bid to revive Ravensthorpe nickel mine". The Australian. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  59. ^ "Mergers in the fertiliser industry: A growth business". The Economist. 18 February 2010. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  60. ^ "BHP Billiton launches hostile bid for Potash". BBC News. 18 August 2010. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  61. ^ "BHP's PotashCorp bid rejected for now". CBC News. 3 November 2010. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010.
  62. ^ Bouw, Brenda; Kiladze, Tim; Chase, Steven (14 November 2010). "BHP withdraws Potash bid". Globe & Mail. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  63. ^ Dvorak, Phred; Chon, Gina (15 November 2010). "BHP Abandons Pursuit of Potash Corp". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 19 December 2010.
  64. ^ Massot, Pascale (2024). China's Vulnerability Paradox: How the World's Largest Consumer Transformed Global Commodity Markets. New York, NY, United States of America: Oxford University Press. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-19-777140-2.
  65. ^ "BHP Billiton Announces Acquisition of Chesapeake Energy Corporation's Fayetteville USA, Shale Assets" (press release). BHP.com. 22 February 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  66. ^ De La Merced, Michael J. (14 July 2011). "BHP Billiton to Buy Petrohawk for $12.1 Billion". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  67. ^ "BHP Billiton and Petrohawk Corporation announce merger agreement" (PDF). Petrohawk. 15 July 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2012.
  68. ^ a b Neate, Rupert (22 August 2012). "BHP Billiton scraps $20bn Olympic Dam project as China slowdown bites". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
  69. ^ Jamasmie, Cecilia (27 August 2012). "BHP sells Australia's mammoth uranium deposit". Mining.com. Retrieved 11 October 2012.
  70. ^ a b "Creation of New Global Metals and Mining Company to Accelerate Portfolio Simplification". BHP.com. 19 August 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  71. ^ "Company Overview of BHP Billiton Energy Coal South Africa Proprietary Limited". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  72. ^ Wilson, James; Smyth, Jamie (18 March 2015). "BHP unwinds Billiton merger with South32 spin-off plan". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  73. ^ Wilson, James; Smyth, Jamie (7 May 2015). "Shareholders approve BHP Billiton spin-off of South32". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  74. ^ Bartlett, Audine (June 2015). "Foreign bribery update: A harsh lesson for a global miner" (PDF). Resources Newsletter. Carter Newell Lawyers. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  75. ^ Barnato, Katy (16 August 2016). "World's largest mining firm records worst loss in its history". CNBC. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  76. ^ Hoyle, Rhiannon (5 October 2016). "BHP Billiton lays out petroleum expansion plans". MarketWatch. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  77. ^ Ambrose, Jillian (9 February 2017). "BHP Billiton backs BP's return to Gulf of Mexico with £1.75bn investment". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  78. ^ Stephens, Matthew (2 February 2017). "Having spent $US7 billion on Escondida's new start BHP has to secure world-class productivity". Australian Financial Review. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  79. ^ Burton, Mark; Stringer, David (11 February 2017). "BHP Said to Declare Force Majeure on Copper from Escondida". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  80. ^ Taylor, Rob. "Australia to block Elliott's BHP listing plan". MarketWatch. Archived from the original on 26 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  81. ^ Robins, Brian (15 May 2017). "BHP to drop 'Billiton' in rebranding move". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  82. ^ Mehra, Prashant (15 May 2017). "Big Australian just BHP again, no Billiton". The Sydney Morning Herald. Australian Associated Press. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017.
  83. ^ Regan, James (22 August 2017). "BHP to quit U.S. shale business as annual profit surges". Reuters. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  84. ^ Denina, Clara; Afanasieva, Dasha (31 August 2017). "BHP hires Barclays, Citi for U.S. shale gas divestment: sources". Reuters. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  85. ^ Reed, Stanley "BP Makes 10.5 Billion Shale Deal; Its Biggest Since Deepwater Horizons", Reuters via The New York Times, 27 July 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  86. ^ Husseini, Talal "BP to spend $10.5bn in BHP US shale oil and gas assets acquisition", Offshore Technology, 27 July 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  87. ^ "BHP completes $US300m sale of Fayetteville onshore gas asset". Australian Mining. 1 October 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
  88. ^ Ambrose, Jillian (16 August 2021). "Mining multinational BHP starts talks to exit oil and gas industry". The Guardian. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  89. ^ BHP: Mining giant to leave London's FTSE 100 for Sydney BBC News 17 August 2021
  90. ^ Results of the BHP Group Shareholder Meetings in Connection with Unification BHP 20 January 2022
  91. ^ Hume, Neil (20 January 2022). "BHP poised for FTSE 100 exit after shareholders back unification". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
  92. ^ Kanika Sood and Brad Thompson. BHP, Oz Minerals agree scheme deed in #9.6b deal Australian Financial Review 21 December 2022
  93. ^ Court approves Oz Minerals scheme of arrangement BHP 17 April 2023
  94. ^ Scheme of Arrangement becomes effective Oz Minerals 18 April 2023
  95. ^ Vast majority of Oz Minerals jobs in SA to stay after BHP takeover InDaily 18 April 2023
  96. ^ "BHP to make record dividend payment after coal recovery lights up its annual earnings". The Standard. Archived from the original on 28 August 2022. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  97. ^ "Glencore and BHP return $10 billion to investors on the back of soaring coal, oil and metal prices". The Standard. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  98. ^ "Anglo American rejects £31bn takeover offer from mining rival BHP". The Guardian. 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
  99. ^ "Bloomberg". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
  100. ^ Clara Denina (13 May 2024). "Anglo American rejects BHP's revised $42.7 billion buyout proposal". Reuter. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
  101. ^ "BHP and Lundin Mining to acquire Filo Corp. and form a 50/50 joint venture to progress the Filo del Sol and Josemaria projects".
  102. ^ "BHP and Lundin Mining to acquire Filo for $3.2 billion". www.kitco.com. Retrieved 30 July 2024.
  103. ^ "SEC Form 20-F, BHP Billiton Limited and BHP Billiton plc, for FY 2007" (PDF). BHP Billiton. 26 September 2007. p. 274. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 9 April 2008.
  104. ^ BHP "Change of name to BHP Group", 20 November 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
  105. ^ Parkinson, Gary (19 March 2001). "Billiton and BHP agree merger plans". Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  106. ^ "BHP chief in shock resignation". CNN. 5 January 2003. Retrieved 13 July 2007.
  107. ^ "The Best European Performers" (PDF). Business Week. 18 June 2005. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  108. ^ a b "BHP Billiton To Appoint Marius Kloppers As New CEO" (press release). BHP.com. 31 May 2007. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  109. ^

    "Mackenzie, Andrew Stewart". Who's Who. Vol. 2014 (online edition via Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

  110. ^ "Mike Henry's 30-year journey to BHP's top job"; James Thompson; The Australian Financial Review; Nov. 14, 2019.
  111. ^ "BHP Billiton". Mining-Atlas.com. Archived from the original on 26 September 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  112. ^ a b Rezende, Felipe (6 November 2015). "Rompimento de barragens causa "maior dano ambiental da história de Minas", diz promotor" [The collapse of the Samaco's dams has caused the "largest environmental disaster in the history of Minas Gerais", says public prosecutor]. R7 (in Portuguese). Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  113. ^ a b Darlington, Shasta (7 November 2015). "Dam break sweeps away homes in Brazil, killing at least 1 person". CNN. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  114. ^ "Home". BHP Foundation. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  115. ^ "BHP Foundation Australia program". BHP Foundation. 21 August 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  116. ^ Goldenberg, Suzanne (21 November 2013). "Just 90 companies caused two-thirds of man-made global warming emissions". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  117. ^ Heede, Richard (January 2014). "Tracing anthropogenic carbon dioxide and methane emissions to fossil fuel and cement producers, 1854–2010". Climate Change. 122 (1–2): 229–241. Bibcode:2014ClCh..122..229H. doi:10.1007/s10584-013-0986-y.
  118. ^ Hannam, Peter (21 November 2013). "BHP among world's 20 largest climate culprits". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  119. ^ Mehra, Malini (20 November 2013). "BHP Billiton: climate change leader or laggard?". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  120. ^ Hoyle, Rhiannon (26 June 2024). "BHP Says Carbon Offsets Remain an Option on Road to Reducing Emissions". The Wall Street Journal. News Corp. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
  121. ^ a b "BHP's Annual Report for 2020Q2" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 November 2020. Alt URL
  122. ^ "BHP's Annual Report for 2017Q2" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2021. Alt URL
  123. ^ "BHP's Annual Report for 2018Q2" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 November 2020. Alt URL
  124. ^ "BHP's Annual Report for 2020Q2" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 November 2020. Alt URL
  125. ^ "BHP's Annual Report for 2020Q2" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 November 2020. Alt URL
  126. ^ "BHP's Annual Report for 2020Q2" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 November 2020. Alt URL
  127. ^ Burton, Bob (13 August 1999). "BHP admits Ok Tedi mine is environmental disaster". Asia Times Online. Archived from the original on 25 September 2000. Retrieved 18 April 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  128. ^ "Key Statistics". Ok Tedi Mining. Archived from the original on 20 August 2006. Retrieved 17 September 2006.
  129. ^ Kirsch, Stuart (July 2006). Reverse Anthropology: Indigenous Analysis of Social and Environmental Relations in New Guinea. Stanford University Press. p. 272. ISBN 0-8047-5342-3. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 10 May 2007.
  130. ^ "Villagers sue BHP Billiton for $5bn". The Age. Fairfax Media. 20 January 2007. Retrieved 4 February 2007.
  131. ^ "Brazil dam burst: at least 15 feared dead after disaster at BHP-owned mine". The Guardian. 6 November 2015. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
  132. ^ Timson, Lia; de Godo, Lucas (3 November 2018). "Putting Bento Rodrigues back on the map after the dam disaster". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  133. ^ Douglas, Bruce (22 November 2015). "Anger rises as Brazilian mine disaster threatens river and sea with toxic mud". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
  134. ^ Santos, Caio (16 November 2016). "Entre o luto e a saudade: um panorama do maior desastre ambiental do Brasil". Jornalistas Livres. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  135. ^ Ryan, Peter and Ong, Thuy (29 August 2016). "Samarco dam disaster probe reveals construction and design flaws". ABC News. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  136. ^ Chau, David (25 June 2018). "BHP signs deal to suspend $55b Samarco lawsuit for two years". ABC News. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  137. ^ "BHP's Cerro Colorado copper mine in Chile hit by further water measures". mining.com. 5 January 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
  138. ^ Sanderson, Henry; Langley, William (20 August 2021). "BHP fires 48 workers for sexual harassment at remote mining sites". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
  139. ^ "Sexual harassment rife in mine camps, Western Australian inquiry finds". Reuters. 20 August 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
  140. ^ McNeill, Heather (20 August 2021). "BHP sacked 48 workers over sexual harassment claims, FIFO inquiry reveals". WAtoday. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  141. ^ "BHP executives killed in chopper crash". ABC News. 18 November 2007. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to BHP Group.
  • Official website
  • Business data for BHP Group Ltd.:
  • Documents and clippings about BHP in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BHP&oldid=1258846073"